In the field of modern aviation, aluminum alloys have become key materials for aircraft manufacturing due to their light weight, high strength and good corrosion resistance.
The main element of 5xxx aluminum is magnesium. The magnesium content is between 3% - 5%. Its density is small, and its weight is lower than other series under the same area, but it has higher tensile strength and elongation, good fatigue and welding performance, and good resistance to marine atmospheric corrosion. Because it belongs to the hot-rolled aluminum plate series, it can also be anodized for deep processing. Common grades are 5052, 5005, 5083, 5A05, etc.
In aircraft manufacturing, 5052 aluminum alloy is widely used. It has excellent forming and processing performance, corrosion resistance, weldability, medium strength, and excellent fatigue resistance and heat resistance. Aircraft fuel tanks and fuel pipes are often made of 5 series aluminum alloys, such as 5083, which is also commonly used for aircraft welded parts. These parts require materials with good welding performance and corrosion resistance. 5 series aluminum alloys just meet these requirements to ensure the safety and stability of the aircraft's fuel system during flight.
The main alloying elements of 6xxx aluminum are magnesium and silicon, and Mg2Si is the main strengthening phase. This series of aluminum alloys can be heat-treated and strengthened (t4, t6), and has the characteristics of medium strength, high corrosion resistance, good welding performance, and good formability and processability. Common grades include 6061, 6063, 6082, etc.
6061 aluminum alloy is very common in aircraft manufacturing. It can be used to manufacture some structural parts and mechanical parts of aircraft. Due to its good comprehensive performance, it can not only ensure that the parts have a certain strength, but also meet the requirements of weldability and corrosion resistance. For example, some internal frame structures of aircraft use 6061 aluminum alloy. While ensuring structural strength, it is easy to process and weld, improves production efficiency, and ensures the stability and reliability of the overall structure of the aircraft.
5 series aluminum alloy has lower density, outstanding welding performance and marine atmospheric corrosion resistance, and is more suitable for weight-sensitive parts that need to be used in complex environments, such as fuel tank parts on the outside of aircraft that are directly exposed to the atmosphere.
6 series aluminum alloy can be heat-treated and strengthened, and its strength can be improved through processes. Its medium strength and good forming processability make it more advantageous in the manufacture of aircraft internal structural parts and mechanical parts with certain strength requirements. In the aircraft manufacturing process, engineers will comprehensively weigh and select 5 series or 6 series aluminum alloys based on the specific working environment and performance requirements of the components to achieve the best balance between aircraft performance and cost.
5 series and 6 series aluminum alloys have their own advantages in aircraft manufacturing. Their characteristics and advantages jointly ensure the safe flight and efficient performance of aircraft. They are an indispensable and important part of the field of aviation materials, and they continue to contribute to the progress of aviation with the development of materials science.
Original Source:https://www.aircraftaluminium.com/a/5xxx-and-6xxx-aluminum-alloys-for-aircraft-making.html
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