Aluminum alloy has the characteristics of light specific gravity, high specific strength, low cost, easy processing, and corrosion resistance. It has long been an indispensable key structural material in the global aerospace field.
In the contemporary aviation manufacturing industry, the aerospace grade aluminium has always been one of the most important materials for aircraft body structures. Its usage accounts for approximately 40% to 70% of the weight of the aircraft body structure. It is widely used in aircraft main load-bearing frames, beams, wall panels, skin and other parts.
The airplane aluminum alloys mainly include high-strength/ultra-high-strength and high-toughness Al-Zn-Mg-Cu series (7xxx series), medium-high strength and damage-resistant Al-Cu series (2xxx series), and medium-strength weldable Al-Mg-Si series (6xxx series), as well as high-strength and high-ratio lightweight Al-Li alloys and a small amount of other system aluminum alloys, mainly including pre-stretched thick plates, thin plates, forgings, extruded materials, castings, etc.
7xxx series and 2xxx series high-strength and tough aluminum alloys have the largest usage, variety and specifications among all aviation aluminum alloys, and are the most representative aviation aluminum alloys.
Based on the 7xxx series aluminum alloy with a strength level of 500~600 MPa, by greatly increasing the Zn content of the 7xxx series aluminum alloy and optimizing the proportion of main alloy elements, while controlling the content of trace elements and impurity elements, a strength level of 600-650 Mpa was developed, such as such as 7056, 7065, 7255, etc.
On the basis of traditional 2xxx series aluminum alloys especially 2024 aluminum sheet, by adjusting the proportion of main alloy elements, continuously reducing the content of Fe and Si impurity elements, and composite micro-alloying, the fracture toughness has been increased by about 20% while maintaining the same strength level.
The fatigue crack growth rate level has been reduced by 15%, and a series of medium and high strength damage tolerance 2xxx series aluminum alloys have been developed, such as 2524, 2624, etc.
Along with the development of aerospace equipment, China's aviation aluminum alloy started from imitating Soviet and American products. After introduction, digestion, improvement and innovative development, it gradually established an independent system.
In recent years, with the enhancement of the country's economic strength, the national science and technology plan has continuously increased its support for independent innovation, and has achieved many important results, making the aircraft aluminum alloys development being on par with the international level and following it in some aspects.
Among key models of domestically produced large aircraft and advanced fighter aircraft, airplane aluminum sheets, profiles, forgings such as 7075, 7475, 7050, 7150, 7055 and 7085 are widely used in fuselage frame beams in aircraft , long stringers, wing panels, ribs, butt joints and other key load-bearing structural components. Structural components made of this type of material account for 40% to 70% of the total weight of the aircraft structure.
Original Source:https://www.aircraftaluminium.com/a/the-aerospace-grade-aluminium-sheets-in-china.html
Tags: 2024 aluminum sheet ,
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