The metal used to make civil aircraft generally includes aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy, titanium alloy, nickel alloy, special steel, etc., among which aluminum alloy accounts for about 50%-70% of metal aircraft. At present, composite aircraft is the development trend of civil aircraft, and composite materials account for an increasing proportion of aircraft materials, but aluminum alloys like 7075 aluminum plate still play an important role in aviation materials and are constantly developing.
On Airbus's A350, 20% of the structure is still made of aluminum-lithium alloy. In the A380-800, aluminum alloy accounts for 70%, and the aluminum alloy of the A787-8 accounts for 14-20% of the fuselage. Therefore, aluminum alloy such as 7075 t6 aluminum will still be an indispensable material in the aviation industry for some time to come.
The world's first all-metal aircraft was made of steel. Due to its heavy weight, its performance was greatly limited, and people then turned their attention to aluminum. Pure aluminum has low strength, and alloy elements need to be added to improve its specific strength.
Later, people found that titanium alloy has high strength and excellent high temperature resistance, but because titanium is relatively rare and expensive, it is generally used in high temperature areas such as engines.
Compared with aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy is lighter and has good shock absorption performance, but its strength is lower than that of aluminum alloy, so magnesium alloy is mainly used in low-load-bearing components.
Therefore, aluminum alloys are widely used due to their low density, high specific strength, strong corrosion resistance, good thermal and electrical conductivity, good plasticity and processing performance, and low cost.
Aviation aluminum is mainly used in wing skin, wing spar, upper and lower aluminum strips of wing spar, belly plate, fuselage spar, seat rail, keel beam, side frame, fuselage skin, lower fuselage wall panel, main floor spar and other parts.
Aviation aluminum contains specific alloying elements such as zinc, magnesium and copper. These elements enhance its performance. They are carefully selected. This provides an ideal balance between strength, weight and corrosion resistance.
Aluminum alloys are widely used in aircraft. A layer of aluminum oxide film will naturally form on the surface of aluminum alloy under air, but the aircraft will fly in extreme environments for a long time, and this protective film is not enough to protect the corrosion of aluminum alloy parts. In addition, aluminum has the problem of overly negative electrode potential and is susceptible to galvanic corrosion. In order to extend the service life and expand the scope of application, the surface of aluminum alloy is usually treated by anodization or chemical oxidation treatment.
As a main aircraft aluminum alloy supplier in China, Haomei Aluminum mainly provides 2xxx and 7xxx thick aluminum sheets. Welcome to leave message below to inquire what you need.
Original Source:https://www.aircraftaluminium.com/a/which-metal-is-used-to-make-aircraft.html
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